Spiritual marriage is like rain falling from heaven into a river or stream, becoming one and the same liquid, so that the river and rainwater cannot be divided…
Saint Teresa of Avila
Spiritual Marriage
Theme: God Within—God Above
Union may be symbolized by two wax candles, the tips of which touch each other so closely that there is but one light; or again, the wick, the wax, and the light become one, but the one candle can again be separated from the other and the two candles remain distinct; or the wick may be withdrawn from the wax.
But spiritual marriage is like rain falling from heaven into a river or stream, becoming one and the same liquid, so that the river and rainwater cannot be divided; or it resembles a streamlet flowing into the ocean, which cannot afterwards be disunited from it. This marriage may also be likened to a room into which a bright light enters through two windows—though divided when it enters, the light becomes one and the same.
Saint Teresa of Ávila, born Teresa Sánchez de Cepeda y Ahumada (28 March 1515 – 4 October 1582), was an influential Spanish mystic, Roman Catholic saint, and a central figure of the Counter-Reformation. Best known for her deep theological insights, she authored several important works that reflect her devotion to a life of contemplative prayer. Known for her mystical experiences, Teresa embraced the spiritual path as a Carmelite nun, where she found the essence of her vocation. Her understanding of contemplative life through mental prayer has had an enduring impact on Christian spirituality, even transcending the confines of her own religious tradition.
In addition to her spiritual contributions, Saint Teresa is remembered for her significant role in reforming the Carmelite Order of her era. Her reformative efforts were a response to a perceived laxity in her order, focusing on the renewal of commitment to solitude and poverty. Along with Saint John of the Cross, she initiated a movement that resulted in the establishment of the Discalced Carmelites, an order that emphasized austerity and the contemplative life. Notably, this significant institutional development occurred posthumously, with neither Teresa nor John alive when the Carmelite Order ultimately separated into two distinct branches.
The Interior Castle
of Avila, St. Teresa. The Interior Castle. [Quoted in The Culturium online article ‘Teresa of Ávila: The Ecstasy of Love’ Sept 9, 2016.]
Saint Teresa of Avila
Theme: God Within—God Above
About This Teresa of Avila Quotation [Commentary]
Teresa of Ávila’s description of spiritual marriage as rain merging with a river offers a vivid metaphor for the soul’s union with the Divine. In this imagery, rain and river water become indistinguishable, symbolizing the inseparability of the soul and God in spiritual marriage. This state surpasses earlier stages of union, where intimacy with the Divine exists but a sense of distinction remains. Here, the boundaries dissolve entirely, reflecting a transformation where individuality yields to divine oneness. Teresa emphasizes a state where the soul no longer moves between closeness and separation but becomes fully immersed in divine presence.
Teresa contrasts this ultimate unity with earlier forms of connection, like two candles merging into one flame, where separation is still possible. These earlier stages, while deeply intimate, lack the permanence and indivisibility of spiritual marriage. Her analogy of light entering through two windows further illustrates this idea—although initially appearing distinct, the light merges into a unified brilliance, reflecting the soul’s alignment with divine light. This imagery highlights a transformation where the soul is no longer a separate entity but wholly united with God’s essence.
Through these metaphors, Teresa conveys a wisdom that invites the seeker into a journey of surrender, where the goal is not merely to know God but to become one with the Divine. This consummation of love transforms the soul into what she describes as “perpetually in that center with her God.” Her reflections encourage us to consider divine union as an intimate reality where the boundaries between the human and the divine dissolve in an eternal embrace.
Spiritual Marriage: Saint Teresa described Spiritual Marriage as follows:
“The Lord appears in the center of the soul, not through an imaginary, but through an intellectual vision (although this is a subtler one than that already mentioned), just as He appeared to the Apostles, without entering through the door, when He said to them: “Pax vobis”. This instantaneous communication of God to the soul is so great a secret and so sublime a favor, and such delight is felt by the soul, that I do not know with what to compare it, beyond saying that the Lord is pleased to manifest to the soul at that moment the glory that is in Heaven, in a sublimer manner than is possible through any vision or spiritual consolation.
It is impossible to say more than that, as far as one can understand, the soul (I mean the spirit of this soul) is made one with God, Who, being likewise a Spirit, has been pleased to reveal the love that He has for us by showing to certain persons the extent of that love, so that we may praise His greatness. For He has been pleased to unite Himself with His creature in such a way that they have become like two who cannot be separated from one another: even so He will not separate Himself from her.”
—Chapter Two of the ‘Seventh Mansion’ in St Teresa’s spiritual classic Interior Castle (Accessed on the website Catholic Treasury at http://www.catholictreasury.info/books/interior_castle/ic29.php).
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